Rendezvous and Proximity Operations
The challenge of Rendezvous and Proximity Operations
Rendezvous and Proximity Operations (RPO) radars are essential tools for detecting and navigating to large objects in space, such as cooperative active satellites and non-cooperative defunct satellites, now classed as debris. Specifically designed for the demands of space applications, these radars utilize radio waves to accurately measure an object’s distance, velocity, and trajectory. As a critical sensor their role includes safe engagement with other objects, and a reliable data source for guidance and navigation units (GNU) of spacecraft or satellites in orbit.
RPO radars are engineered to operate effectively in zero-light conditions and can withstand the challenges that can adversely affect the performance of optical ranging devices, making them a vital asset for space missions. Being solid state, they are more robust to shock and vibration than sensors with moving parts, such as LiDAR with rotating mirrors or cameras with mechanical actuators for focusing.
RPO radars play a crucial role in ensuring the safe and efficient orchestration of space missions, allowing for the precise manoeuvring and coordination of spacecraft in the unique environment of space.
James Henderson
Lead Consultant
Key Features
Plextek has been pioneering methods, bringing low-cost, highly integrated, commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) radar componentry, and adapting it for use in the demands of a space environment.
- High Precision: our mmWave technology offers exceptional precision in measuring distance, velocity, and trajectory of objects in space.
- Enhanced Detection: the technology provides enhanced object detection capabilities, allowing for accurate tracking and monitoring of spacecraft and debris.
- Zero-Light Operation: designed to operate effectively in low-light conditions, the technology is ideal for space missions where visibility may be limited.
- Robust Performance: the technology ensures reliable performance in challenging space environments, allowing for seamless operations in orbit.
- Designed for Space: Plextek’s mmWave technology is designed for harsh environments, prioritising reliability and durability in space applications.
“Best Use of Innovation” Winner 2025
Plextek has been recognised for Best Use of Innovation at the Global Business Tech Awards for our pioneering radar technologies for space. This award is a testament to our commitment to the innovation of space technology, developing world-leading radar solutions that drive sustainability in orbit. Judges comment: “It’s refreshing to see a solution tackling such a global sustainability challenge.”
Technical Paper – Sensing in Space
Explore the cutting-edge technology of mmWave radar and its impact on space missions in our technical paper “Sensing in Space”. Gain insights into safety and efficiency improvements, customization options, and performance optimization. Stay informed about the latest advancements in space technology.
Collaboration with ClearSpace
Collaboration with ClearSpace
Plextek partnered with ClearSpace, a company specializing in space debris removal, on a project to develop RPO radars that facilitate the precise rendezvous and capture of space debris. This collaboration leverages Plextek’s expertise in radar technology to support ClearSpace’s mission of ensuring the sustainability of space activities through active debris removal initiatives, as part of their CLEAR mission.
“In this mission, we chose Plextek due to their proven technical expertise. Their radar systems are instrumental for achieving the paramount need for safety and precision in proximity operations.” Valentin Valhondo, Technical Program Manager, ClearSpace.
Plextek’s Expertise in RPO Radars
With over 35 years of experience, Plextek is a proven leader in designing and constructing radio and radar-based systems. Specializing in delivering radar solutions for challenging environments, we excel in creating custom RPO radars tailored to the specific requirements of space applications. Our expertise includes adapting commercial-off-the-shelf radar componentry for the challenges of the space environment, providing innovative and reliable radar solutions for space missions.
Because of our experience in this field, Plextek has been “pulled” into the space domain to fill the need of delivering space qualified radar. Our mmWave technology is vital in RPO operations, offering precision and reliability in tracking and rendezvous manoeuvres, crucial for ensuring the success of space missions.
Richard Jacklin
Commercial Lead
